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                <text>Mrs. M. E. Buckner house&#13;
305 7th&#13;
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                <text>In 1890 the assessed value of this property was $400.00 indicating that the existing house had been constructed. Mrs. M. E. Buckner was the owner. Oliver Preshaw owned the property.</text>
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                <text>Detached residence, T-plan with entrance in ell, one-and -a-half story, wood frame and weatherboard construction, stone foundation (parged).  Hipped entrance porch with metal roofing.  2/2 double-hung wooden windows, wooden entrance door, interior brick chimney. Decorative elements include turned porch posts, bracketed first floor window moldings with pedimented head molding, pendant eave brackets, cornice molding and semicircular sawn bargeboards.  Enclosed front entry and modern posts, rear enclosed shed porch addition.</text>
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                <text>Dale Nimz, photographer</text>
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                <text>Douglas County assessment rolls,  1884-1928</text>
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                <text>Mrs. Mary E. Vawter and Mr. Clarence Ernest Gresser in Peoples State Bank, Rossville, Kansas&#13;
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                <text>Mrs. Mary E. Vawter and Mr. Clarence Ernest (C.E.) Gresser worked at the Peoples State Bank in Rossville, Kansas. The bank was founded in 1909. Based on the calendar that shows January 1 being a Friday, this picture was probably taken in 1932.&#13;
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                <text>Mulvane Hall&#13;
600, 700 blocks, Grove, Fremont, Elm Streets&#13;
Baldwin City, Ks 66006</text>
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                <text>At the inauguration of President Fleming December 1, 1922, Jacob Mulvane of Topeka announced his gift of $100,000.00 to Baker University for a new science building.  Ground-breaking March, 1924 initiated the construction and the completed hall was dedicated at Commencement May 31, 192?.  Thomas W. Williamson was the designer and Brewster Brothers of Independence, Ks. were the contractors. </text>
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                <text>Detached institutional building, main west facade oriented toward the Baker quadrangle, rectangle with projecting central entrance, three-and-a-half stories, reinforced concrete and smooth-cut ashlar stone masonry construction, side gable roof with shaped end parapets.  Two-story projecting bays and crenelated  parapets, 9/9 and 15/15 rear double-hung wooden windows, glazed wooden paired entrance doors, shaped gable wall dormers. Decorative raised piers, arched entrance openings, arched side transoms.</text>
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                <text>Ebright, History of Baker University, (1951)</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Agricultural History</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Centennial Booklet, 1971</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                  <text>Public Domain due to copyright expiration. Original narrative content by RCL is available for use by public.</text>
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                  <text>Rossville is fortunately situated in many ways—we are near a large city, Topeka, but far enough away to retain our own identity; we can be considered a bedroom community to Topeka since so many residents commute to work to the larger city; we are just north of the Kansas River and enjoy the fertile “Kaw River Valley,” which has benefited agriculture in our community since its very beginnings.&#13;
&#13;
From the early days, Rossville Township was blessed with fertile creek and river-bottom land, combined with the upland, which consisted of bluestem grass. The early settlers broke and cleared the bottom lands and part of the upland prairie. The settlers of the 1860-70s began farming and found the soil fertile and productive. However, the task of clearing the timberland and breaking prairie sod must have seemed insurmountable. Corn and wheat, the main crops, and cattle, hogs and other livestock-raising, became the basic agriculture of Rossville township. Many of these early farmers came to Kansas seeking land. They traveled by ox cart and wagon before the railroad went through, following the Oregon and other trails. Settlers bought land from the Santa Fe Railroad or from members of the Citizen Potawatomi Band, who were selling their allotment land.&#13;
&#13;
The first mention of early agriculture in Rossville comes from Dr. Gabbey’s account, written in 1886: “The Pottawatomi as a tribe never took kindly to agriculture, four or five acres in corn was a large field. Their fields were usually cleared up from the edge of the timber along the streams, as the Indian had little use for the Prairie kind.” &#13;
&#13;
One account gives the cost of prairie in the early days from $2.50 to $4.00 per acre. Lumber was worth from $25.00 to $39.00 dollars per thousand feet. Oxen cost $100.00 a yoke, mules from $100.00 to $200.00, horses $75.00 to $150.00, sheep $2.00 a head and chickens 25¢ each. Masons and carpenters received $2.00 to $3.00 per day in wages. Wheat was worth $1.50 per bushel and flour $4.50 per hundred pounds. From newspapers of 1877: “New corn brought in for shipment is getting 18¢ to 20¢ and corn huskers have been in demand at $1.00 per day and board; 2.5¢ per bushel thrown on the ground or 3.5¢ in the crib.” “Mr. Lambert James, a farmer living a few miles west of town has this season manufactured 1,500 gallon of sorghum molasses, which he readily disposed of at 50¢ per gallon.”&#13;
&#13;
But challenges persisted for early settlers. Although this was an extremely desirable area for agriculture and the raising of livestock, it was not possible for the early settlers to procure manufactured goods from the East without paying an extremely high freight bill. It was also impossible to ship their grain and produce economically. River freight was tried but the Kaw River often times did not have enough water to make shipping dependable so the answer to this problem was the railroad. Rossville’s answer came May 18, 1866, when the first train passed through the town. &#13;
&#13;
Corn was the main crop and early editors gave much space extolling its excellence. Corn cribs were numerous along the south side of the railroad tracks and on the east side of north Main. A water powered grist mill was located on Cross Creek north of town. Mulvane Bros. built a steam powered mill south of the railroad tracks.&#13;
&#13;
One of the earliest farmers was Henry Ford, who acquired 80 acres southwest of Rossville in 1864. His wife was the former Mary Nadeau, who came to Rossville from Indiana in 1862. Henry Ford came to Kansas in 1863 and was a stage coach driver for the Overland Stage Company between Topeka and Manhattan. He met his wife at “Buttermilk Station” where she worked for her brother, Big Alex Nadeau. While working to clear their land of timber and build a log house, they lived in one room of a three room house, west of Cross Creek, north of the old Oregon and California trails. The other two rooms were occupied by Dr. and Mrs. R.S. Gabbey and Mr. and Mrs. C.W. Higginbotham. After the Fords moved into their log cabin, Mrs. Ford often rode horseback nine miles with her baby to the mission in St. Marys. The first flowers she had to plant by the cabin were given to her by the nuns at the Mission.&#13;
&#13;
Another early farmer, John DeGraff settled south of Rossville in 1865. He and his wife, the former Frances Navarre, lived in a small dugout until their house was built.&#13;
&#13;
The following is a list of early farmers:&#13;
Name	|		Year to Rossville  |	Origin&#13;
&#13;
Archibald Abbott	1870	Kingston, Canada West&#13;
Joseph Andrews		Westmoreland County, Pa.&#13;
W. Thomas Andrews	1879	McKay, Ohio&#13;
Joseph Beseau	1875	Monroe County, Michigan&#13;
John A. Bond	1872	Tyler County, W. Virginia&#13;
William Bond	1873	Tyler County, W. Virginia&#13;
John DeGraff	1865	&#13;
James DeVinney	1880	Ross County, Ohio&#13;
Benjamin Franklin	1869	Ross County, Ohio&#13;
John Fritz	1877	Somerset County, Pa.&#13;
Martin Hass	1877	Richland County, Ohio&#13;
Henry Kassabaum	1877	Brookmell, Prussia&#13;
T.J. Kiernan	1868	&#13;
Elzey E. Kinsey	1877	Ohio&#13;
Henry Lipp	1868	South Germany&#13;
Isaac McCollough	1873	Holmes County, Ohio&#13;
R. McCollough	1878	Holmes County, Ohio&#13;
Michael O’halaron	1880	&#13;
Samuel Oldfield	1878	Derbyshire, England&#13;
S.J. Oliver	1876	&#13;
Edward Partelow	1868	Newport, Kentucky&#13;
Thomas L. Ross	1882	Cincinnati, Ohio&#13;
M.M. Standley	1874	Carroll County, Indiana&#13;
Bennett Swearingen	1868	Meigs County, Ohio&#13;
Isaac B. Trostel	1877	Perry County, Pa.&#13;
Frank Van Vleck	1878	&#13;
William Wax	1878	Juniata County, Pa.&#13;
Daniel Wilt	1876	York County, Pa.&#13;
Henry York	1869	Zurich, Switzerland&#13;
Peter H. Zickefoose	1874	Highland County, W. Virginia&#13;
Samuel Beals	1867	&#13;
E.S. Doud	1869	&#13;
W.L. James		&#13;
Wm. Kirkpatrick	1871	&#13;
Frank L. Sanders		&#13;
John Heslet		&#13;
Noel Graves		&#13;
W.W. Janes		&#13;
J.K. Conley	1870	Yates County, New York&#13;
Startup, Ab		&#13;
Thomas Attebury	1877	&#13;
George Hejtmanek	1880	Wisowitz, Moravia, Austria&#13;
D. Hartzell	1872	&#13;
Francis E. Williams	1876	New York&#13;
Captain John Gutshall		&#13;
Col. A.S. Stanley	1880	Meigs Co., Ohio&#13;
Martin Nason	1872	&#13;
Jos. Van Vleck	1878	&#13;
M.L. Cless	1876	&#13;
B.W. Higginbotham	1861	&#13;
Thomas Moss	1877	&#13;
J.M. Parr		Clay Co. Indiana&#13;
J.A. Parr		Clay Co. Indiana&#13;
H.W. Lipp	1878	Illinois&#13;
Samuel B. Zickefoose	1869	West Virginia&#13;
Mrs. Jane Jackson	1875	Scotland&#13;
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                <text>Mulvane Ranch Transferred to Mrs. Hughes, Rossville, Kansas&#13;
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                <text>MRS. M. M. Hughes, Los Angeles, June 26, 1944, became sole owner of the Mulvane Ranch west of Rossville. This resulted when turned over to her in a transfer filed in the office of Homer Wright, reg-ister of deeds.&#13;
“The purpose is to keep it in the Mulvane family and I hope it will remain there for many years to come,” Mr. Morgan said.&#13;
Mrs. Hughes and Mrs. Morgan were sisters of the late Dave Mulvane, former Republican national committeeman for Kansas and they became owners of the land after his death. There are approximately 3,000 acres, one half of which is pasture land near the river.&#13;
The late Jaob Mulvane, their father and a wealthy Topeka banker and philanthropist, purchased the land more than 75 years ago and for years operated a big cattle ranch. A part of the pasture land was on an island in the river. In 1884 he changed the course of the river to connect the island with the mainland. Altho [sic] all the land now is on the north side of the river, the part that used to be on the island is in Wabaunsee County.&#13;
over&#13;
The balance is in Shawnee County.&#13;
After Jaob Mulvane's death, his son Dave inherited the ranch, and it was carried in his name until his death. It then was taken over by his two sisters. Mrs. Morgan died July 6, 1942. Now Mrs. Hughes, the only surviving member of the family, has purchased her sister’s half of the ranch to become sole owner.&#13;
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                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="493">
                <text>June 26, 1944 (date referenced in item)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="494">
                <text>Public domain due to copyright expiration.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="495">
                <text>typewritten original</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="496">
                <text>RCL0393</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="7">
        <name>Mulvane Ranch</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
