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                  <text>Rossville Transportation and Accidents History</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                <text>1913 Rossville Roads Graveled</text>
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                <text>DECEMBER 1913&#13;
Rossville Main Street will be graveled, according to a decision by the city council. The portion to be graveled will start at the south end near the railroad and run- to the north end of the block and west on Pottawatomie to the city limits. With the three miles finished west of town, a continuous gravel road of about 22 miles will stretch west of Topeka.&#13;
Hattie Kirby and Walter McCleary were married in Kansas City and went to Texas for a honeymoon.&#13;
The 14th annual M.W.A. Grand Ball will be held at Fritz Hall New Year’s Eve. Music will be provided by Kramer’s five-piece or¬chestra.&#13;
The county commis¬sioners are being urged by the Secretary of State to designate the county roads in Shawnee County. The last legislature provided a tax on automobiles and motorcycles, the revenue to be used in the improve¬ment of county roads. This money has been collected in Shawnee county but can¬not be used until the com¬missioners have de¬signated certain of the roads as county roads.&#13;
This seems to be the day and age when every farmer has a chance to go to school. If he can’t go for four years, he can go for a year, and if he can’t go for a year, the Kansas State Agricultural&#13;
College offers him a ten- week’s course, beginning January 6, 1914.&#13;
The little auto that has been on exhibition for several weeks at Rossville Cash Store as a prize to the boy selling the greatest amount of cookies and crackers was won by Ho¬ward Bixby. Ralph Hartzell was second, Theo Marney third, and Willie Shipley fourth.&#13;
The Reporter begins its' 15th year since the paper succeeded the “Times” or “Gimlet” as its old patrons called it. The editor has also purchased the Silver Lake Mirror and will publish both papers. The Mirror will continue to be published at Silver Lake with Frank Skinner looking  after the mechanical end of the business.&#13;
C. E. Cless has landed the agency for the Ford automobile in this ection [sic] of Shawnee County.&#13;
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                <text>Shawnee County Recorder, Rossville, Kansas</text>
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                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                <text>Originally published in December 1913&#13;
Featured as a "Way Back When" article on December 12, 1963</text>
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                <text>Original text is public domain; reprint is copyrighted; the copyright holder has granted permission for this item to be used by the Rossville Community Library. This permission does not extend to third parties.</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Agricultural History</text>
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                  <text>Farming/Ranching</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Centennial Booklet, 1971</text>
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                  <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                  <text>Public Domain due to copyright expiration. Original narrative content by RCL is available for use by public.</text>
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                  <text>Rossville is fortunately situated in many ways—we are near a large city, Topeka, but far enough away to retain our own identity; we can be considered a bedroom community to Topeka since so many residents commute to work to the larger city; we are just north of the Kansas River and enjoy the fertile “Kaw River Valley,” which has benefited agriculture in our community since its very beginnings.&#13;
&#13;
From the early days, Rossville Township was blessed with fertile creek and river-bottom land, combined with the upland, which consisted of bluestem grass. The early settlers broke and cleared the bottom lands and part of the upland prairie. The settlers of the 1860-70s began farming and found the soil fertile and productive. However, the task of clearing the timberland and breaking prairie sod must have seemed insurmountable. Corn and wheat, the main crops, and cattle, hogs and other livestock-raising, became the basic agriculture of Rossville township. Many of these early farmers came to Kansas seeking land. They traveled by ox cart and wagon before the railroad went through, following the Oregon and other trails. Settlers bought land from the Santa Fe Railroad or from members of the Citizen Potawatomi Band, who were selling their allotment land.&#13;
&#13;
The first mention of early agriculture in Rossville comes from Dr. Gabbey’s account, written in 1886: “The Pottawatomi as a tribe never took kindly to agriculture, four or five acres in corn was a large field. Their fields were usually cleared up from the edge of the timber along the streams, as the Indian had little use for the Prairie kind.” &#13;
&#13;
One account gives the cost of prairie in the early days from $2.50 to $4.00 per acre. Lumber was worth from $25.00 to $39.00 dollars per thousand feet. Oxen cost $100.00 a yoke, mules from $100.00 to $200.00, horses $75.00 to $150.00, sheep $2.00 a head and chickens 25¢ each. Masons and carpenters received $2.00 to $3.00 per day in wages. Wheat was worth $1.50 per bushel and flour $4.50 per hundred pounds. From newspapers of 1877: “New corn brought in for shipment is getting 18¢ to 20¢ and corn huskers have been in demand at $1.00 per day and board; 2.5¢ per bushel thrown on the ground or 3.5¢ in the crib.” “Mr. Lambert James, a farmer living a few miles west of town has this season manufactured 1,500 gallon of sorghum molasses, which he readily disposed of at 50¢ per gallon.”&#13;
&#13;
But challenges persisted for early settlers. Although this was an extremely desirable area for agriculture and the raising of livestock, it was not possible for the early settlers to procure manufactured goods from the East without paying an extremely high freight bill. It was also impossible to ship their grain and produce economically. River freight was tried but the Kaw River often times did not have enough water to make shipping dependable so the answer to this problem was the railroad. Rossville’s answer came May 18, 1866, when the first train passed through the town. &#13;
&#13;
Corn was the main crop and early editors gave much space extolling its excellence. Corn cribs were numerous along the south side of the railroad tracks and on the east side of north Main. A water powered grist mill was located on Cross Creek north of town. Mulvane Bros. built a steam powered mill south of the railroad tracks.&#13;
&#13;
One of the earliest farmers was Henry Ford, who acquired 80 acres southwest of Rossville in 1864. His wife was the former Mary Nadeau, who came to Rossville from Indiana in 1862. Henry Ford came to Kansas in 1863 and was a stage coach driver for the Overland Stage Company between Topeka and Manhattan. He met his wife at “Buttermilk Station” where she worked for her brother, Big Alex Nadeau. While working to clear their land of timber and build a log house, they lived in one room of a three room house, west of Cross Creek, north of the old Oregon and California trails. The other two rooms were occupied by Dr. and Mrs. R.S. Gabbey and Mr. and Mrs. C.W. Higginbotham. After the Fords moved into their log cabin, Mrs. Ford often rode horseback nine miles with her baby to the mission in St. Marys. The first flowers she had to plant by the cabin were given to her by the nuns at the Mission.&#13;
&#13;
Another early farmer, John DeGraff settled south of Rossville in 1865. He and his wife, the former Frances Navarre, lived in a small dugout until their house was built.&#13;
&#13;
The following is a list of early farmers:&#13;
Name	|		Year to Rossville  |	Origin&#13;
&#13;
Archibald Abbott	1870	Kingston, Canada West&#13;
Joseph Andrews		Westmoreland County, Pa.&#13;
W. Thomas Andrews	1879	McKay, Ohio&#13;
Joseph Beseau	1875	Monroe County, Michigan&#13;
John A. Bond	1872	Tyler County, W. Virginia&#13;
William Bond	1873	Tyler County, W. Virginia&#13;
John DeGraff	1865	&#13;
James DeVinney	1880	Ross County, Ohio&#13;
Benjamin Franklin	1869	Ross County, Ohio&#13;
John Fritz	1877	Somerset County, Pa.&#13;
Martin Hass	1877	Richland County, Ohio&#13;
Henry Kassabaum	1877	Brookmell, Prussia&#13;
T.J. Kiernan	1868	&#13;
Elzey E. Kinsey	1877	Ohio&#13;
Henry Lipp	1868	South Germany&#13;
Isaac McCollough	1873	Holmes County, Ohio&#13;
R. McCollough	1878	Holmes County, Ohio&#13;
Michael O’halaron	1880	&#13;
Samuel Oldfield	1878	Derbyshire, England&#13;
S.J. Oliver	1876	&#13;
Edward Partelow	1868	Newport, Kentucky&#13;
Thomas L. Ross	1882	Cincinnati, Ohio&#13;
M.M. Standley	1874	Carroll County, Indiana&#13;
Bennett Swearingen	1868	Meigs County, Ohio&#13;
Isaac B. Trostel	1877	Perry County, Pa.&#13;
Frank Van Vleck	1878	&#13;
William Wax	1878	Juniata County, Pa.&#13;
Daniel Wilt	1876	York County, Pa.&#13;
Henry York	1869	Zurich, Switzerland&#13;
Peter H. Zickefoose	1874	Highland County, W. Virginia&#13;
Samuel Beals	1867	&#13;
E.S. Doud	1869	&#13;
W.L. James		&#13;
Wm. Kirkpatrick	1871	&#13;
Frank L. Sanders		&#13;
John Heslet		&#13;
Noel Graves		&#13;
W.W. Janes		&#13;
J.K. Conley	1870	Yates County, New York&#13;
Startup, Ab		&#13;
Thomas Attebury	1877	&#13;
George Hejtmanek	1880	Wisowitz, Moravia, Austria&#13;
D. Hartzell	1872	&#13;
Francis E. Williams	1876	New York&#13;
Captain John Gutshall		&#13;
Col. A.S. Stanley	1880	Meigs Co., Ohio&#13;
Martin Nason	1872	&#13;
Jos. Van Vleck	1878	&#13;
M.L. Cless	1876	&#13;
B.W. Higginbotham	1861	&#13;
Thomas Moss	1877	&#13;
J.M. Parr		Clay Co. Indiana&#13;
J.A. Parr		Clay Co. Indiana&#13;
H.W. Lipp	1878	Illinois&#13;
Samuel B. Zickefoose	1869	West Virginia&#13;
Mrs. Jane Jackson	1875	Scotland&#13;
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                <text>The Grasshopper Year, Rossville, Kansas</text>
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                <text>THE GRASSHOPPER YEAR - taken from Rossville Reporter July 2, 1936&#13;
Despite the lurid tales which are creeping into news reports of the hordes of grasshoppers sweeping like tornadoes over and through some of the plains states, there are plenty of men and women in this area who must be saying that the present generation hasn’t seen anything yet, that it doesn't know what a real grasshopper invasion is.&#13;
Those men and women date back to 1874, soon after the prairie sod was first broken, when living under pioneer conditions was difficult at best. They or their parents, had pushed westward into Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska and other states west of the Mississippi. They saw a phenomenon which must have rivaled that historic happening recorded in Exodus, when the "plague of locusts” completely denuded Egypt.&#13;
It is interesting to recall what our elders told of the grasshopper invasion of 1874. Thousands of “Preemptors” were depending upon their first crop to see them through. The spring gave great promise and even in July a bountiful harvest was forecast. There was drought, there were hot winds, but there was enough of subsoil moisture to pull the crops through.&#13;
Then, in the latter day of July, calamity dropped from the sky. Scanning a brazen horizon for signs of rain, farmers saw instead a strange cloud in the northwest moving like the wind, with the sun glinting from millions of points. It was the grasshopper horde. It swept on and on, but always dropping enough of the hoppers to denude every green thing.&#13;
Corn fields melted before it leaving merely the woody stalks.&#13;
Trees the settlers had nurtured on a barren plain were left stripped as for winter. Grass disappeared. The hoppers became green from their diet and they fed upon each other. Men, women and children stood helpless with slowly starving livestock about them.&#13;
There were several railroads penetrating the plains even then and the East sought to help with shipments of supplies, but the hoppers, with a fine carelessness for life and limb, settled on the rails and supplied a greasy cushion which stopped trains. They got into wells and cisterns, they settled down in dying masses in the open springs. For days their movement dimmed the sun.&#13;
Then the hoppers burrowed into the earth and laid their eggs.&#13;
No more were they visible. Farmers, new to the area, believed the plague was finished and they returned with new courage to their plows. Then, the following spring, the new brood hatched and while the devastation was no greater, the resources of the settlers were lower, and 1875 just about closed the book for great areas. Then, strangely, the hoppers began another migration and the plague really was ended.&#13;
The inherent courage of man repeopled the land, and they can afford to laugh at the present puny grasshopper army —- K. C. Star&#13;
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                <text>Rossville Reporter, Rossville, Kansas&#13;
Possibly a reprint of article in Kansas City Star</text>
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                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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                <text>July 2, 1936 (article date)</text>
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                <text>This work is copyrighted; the copyright holder has granted permission for this item to be used by the Rossville Community Library. This permission does not extend to third parties.</text>
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                <text>RCL0472</text>
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                  <text>Notable Fires, Rossville, Kansas</text>
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                <text>1989 Bennett House Fire, Rossville, Kansas</text>
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                <text>The Kenneth and Norma Bennett residence at 304 Main, Rossville, Kansas, was destroyed by fire the evening of Friday, December 15, 1989. Cause of the fire is unknown, but broke out in the walls about 8:30. Firefighters were on the scene until 8:00 Saturday morning. The Bennetts and their daughter, Yvonne, escaped unharmed. According to Fire Chief Robert Sieh, all attempts to save the house and its contents were hampered by temperatures of 15 degrees or more below zero.&#13;
&#13;
Article transcription:&#13;
&#13;
FIRE HAD BEEN RAGING in the walls of the Kenny and Norma Bennett home on Rossville's North Main street before Mrs. Bennett called the fire department about 9 p.m. Friday, December 15. Cause of the fire had not been determined at press time, but the house and contents of the home are considered a total loss.&#13;
Fire Chief Bob Sieh called St. Marys for fire personnel to assist in fighting the fire, as well as a paramedic unit. Firefighters were at the scene until about 3 a.m. Saturday. One of the firemen said that it look two people to remove the firemen's gloves and the snaps on their fire uniforms also froze. There were no injuries in this fire, which was finally considered "out" at 5:30 a.m.&#13;
Ice buildup on the second floor and in the basement make the structure unsafe to enter at this time. People arc cautioned, once again, to be very careful of portable heaters, Christmas lights and other items which could cause fires at this time of year.&#13;
Photo by Brandon Magette&#13;
Page 5 St Marys Star December 19, 1989&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
ICE FORMED as quickly as the water came from the hoses at the terrible fire in Rossville Friday, December 16. Alan McKenzie and Assistant Fire Chief Steve Guyle man the hose. The tree took on the appearance of a winter wonderland as the water hit it and froze solid.&#13;
Photo by Brandon Magette&#13;
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RCL0369&#13;
RCL0370&#13;
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Old Landmarks Burned&#13;
Hartzell Drug Store, Feed Store, Shoe Stop and a Harness Shop Gutted By Flames. Aye’s Stock Carried to Safety.&#13;
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An early afternoon fire Monday burned the D. Hartzell drug store building and contents, E.D. Hartzell’s poultry and feed store the building occupied by Hower’s shoe shop and the building occupied by Wm. Aye’s harness shop.&#13;
&#13;
Practically all the Aye stock was saved. Mr. Hower saved all his tools and his bed. The entire contents of the drug store and feed store was burned.&#13;
&#13;
The fire was discovered about 12:45 on the roof of the building occupied by the shoe shop, and is supposed to have started from a defective flue or burning soot igniting the roof.&#13;
&#13;
Although the engine and hose were promptly on the job, the whole block of wooden buildings was burning fiercely before a stream could be turned on the flames. The engine wouldn’t work—carburetor out of whack, dome had frozen and cracked and pressure therefor cut down. After it was started and run twenty minutes it was found no water was circulating through the cylinders, and possibly a few more minor defects, if we had thought to catalog them all. In the meantime the Aye stock was carried to safety.&#13;
&#13;
Only a light breeze was blowing from due south, and the firemen stationed themselves in its path on Dr. Pratt’s office and held it in check and confined to the wooden buildings. Men on the buildings farther north watched the roofs for incipient blazes. By 3 o’clock the buildings were burned to the foundations. An effort was made and succeeded in keeping the fire out of the drug store cellar where some potatoes were stored. The floor is still over the cellar.&#13;
&#13;
The buildings burned were landmarks of Rossville’s infancy. The two rooms owned by D. Hartzell were built in the early eighties; the shoe shop and harness building owned by the Oldfield estate were nearly as old. As if in defiance of all fires, the charred joists of the south partition of the drug store remained standing after the balance of the building was gone, as once before the building was saved and the Fritz building burned instead.&#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
The loss of these buildings leaves a big gap on the west side of Main street, but some of the most desirable building sites in the business part of town. In giving thanks to the many generous citizens who helped in saving property and subduing the flames, let us not forget to thank the Lord the wind was not in the west. [February 15, 1917]&#13;
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                <text>From the March 5, 1909, Rossville Reporter: Mr. [Seth] Cormack, the balloonist, made a most successfully ascension with his balloon last Saturday evening. The feat was viewed by many and all said it was one of the best they had ever seen.&#13;
&#13;
In the early part of the afternoon an attempt was made to fill the balloon with gas but without success owing to the wind. It was just about sundown after most of the crowd had gone home that another effort was made and shortly after the big bag sailed away to the clouds with Cormack hanging to the parachute.&#13;
&#13;
It reached a height of nearly 2,000 feet before he cut the rope and dropped with the parachute and alighted gently in Conley's corn field.&#13;
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                <text>Another Week of the Big Clearance Sale&#13;
On account of rain and muddy roads, many people were unable to attend the sale. We have decided to run the sale another week ending Saturday, April 23rd.&#13;
Clothing and furnishings for men and boys at bargain prices.&#13;
Come to this sale.&#13;
Buy now and save money.&#13;
Delia Clothing Store&#13;
John F. Misum, Prop.&#13;
Delia, Kansas </text>
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                <text>This work is copyrighted; the copyright holder has granted permission for this item to be used by the Rossville Community Library. This permission does not extend to third parties.</text>
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                <text>The settlement on Cross Creek was in a very strategic position on the Military Road from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Riley. Travel up the Kaw could not be depended upon and man and supplies had to be hauled to Fort Riley overland. The ford and the bridge on Cross Creek were indeed popular places. The Overland Stage Company also used this route. Because of the heavy traffic, "Big Alex" Nadeau took advantage of his farm's location two and one-half miles west of Rossville, Kansas, and built a large house for an inn. The stage used to stop there for either a meal or for overnight. The large house was divided into small rooms just big enough for a cot. There was one large room over the kitchen with room for five men. "Big Alex" was a very large man and filled the entire seat on his spring wagon. After the railroad was built, the train crew would stop at the inn presumably to buy some "buttermilk" but actually they were buying wine. This is how the "Buttermilk Station" came to be given to the old inn.</text>
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                <text>East side Main Street looking south in early 1900s, Rossville, Kansas&#13;
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This picture of the east side of Main Street in Rossville, Kansas, is looking south. It is featured in the 1971 Rossville Centennial book. The business on the far left is Hopkins &amp; Son hardware store.&#13;
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Unknown</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>ca. 1904-1913</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Public domain</text>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>photograph</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>RCL0273</text>
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        <name>Hopkins &amp; Son Hardware</name>
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        <name>Main Street</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>1901 School District No. 81 Souvenir Card, Pleasant View School, Kansas (front side)&#13;
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Front cover: Souvenir, Pleasant View School, District Number 81, Kansas&#13;
&#13;
October 1, 1900 - March 22, 1901&#13;
&#13;
Presented By Cora Simpson, Teacher&#13;
&#13;
School Officers- J.L. Day, Treasurer; A.L. Loofbourrow, Clerk; H.C. Larkins, Director&#13;
&#13;
Pupils- Maxie Loffbourrow, Cecil Loofbourrow, Bernice Loofbourrow, Etta Dodge, Claude Dodge, Pearl Day, Daisy Simpson, Lloyd Simpson, Willie Kelly, Bert Larkins, Ora Knocke, Hattie Knocke, Roy Hay, Lottie Jackson, Willie Jackson, Johnie Jackson, Teddie Heigle, Harve Heigle, Orval Barleen, Charlie Barleen, Johnie Dodge, Carl Lundgren, Harry Kelly.&#13;
&#13;
Instructor Co., Dansville, N.Y. (assumed this is company who made souvenir card)&#13;
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3173">
                <text>Instructor Co., Dansville, NY</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3174">
                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1901</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3176">
                <text>Public domain</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3177">
                <text>original yearbook</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3178">
                <text>RCL0272a&#13;
RCL0272b</text>
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        <authentication>f2b13317ec8fc89382e3a87431820605</authentication>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Profiles of Local Persons, Rossville, Kansas</text>
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      <name>Physical Object</name>
      <description>An inanimate, three-dimensional object or substance. Note that digital representations of, or surrogates for, these objects should use Moving Image, Still Image, Text or one of the other types.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>1913 Postcard to Claude Dodge, Kansas&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3164">
                <text>Front side: Photograph of two women&#13;
Back side: Addressed to Mr. Claudeen Dodge, Rydal, Kansas. Sent on April 22, 1913, from Caldwell, Kansas; received April 23, 1913, at Rydal, Kansas. One cent stamp with George Washington portrait.&#13;
&#13;
Transcription: Dear cousin: Here we are isn't it a great picture? You better get busy and write. S'pose you recognize Faye. This was taken April 12. Tell Sophene I'll send her a card soon. Everybody is fine. Mayme</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="3165">
                <text>Mayme (unknown)</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="3166">
                <text>Rossville Community Library</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>April 22, 1913</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Public domain</text>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>original postcard</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>RCL0271a&#13;
RCL0271b</text>
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        <name>History Mystery</name>
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